Supercell convective environments in Spain based on ERA5: hail and non-hail differences

Hail suppression and society.

An interdisciplinary assessment of hail suppression in the past, present, and future has shown it to be currently scientifically uncertain but a potentially beneficial future technology. An established suppression technology would be widely adopted in the Great Plains, providing benefits to agriculture and secondarily to the American consumer. Development of a reliable technology will require a...

Hail and Farewell

Hail Sensing Probes: Feasibility Analysis for Probes to Monitor and Study Hail

This work presents the feasibility study regarding the realization of hail sensing probes for remote sensing and study of hail. The probes are designed as artificial hailstones in order to study both the physical properties of the portion of atmosphere where the formation of hail occurs and the modification of atmospheric conditions while the hailstones are falling to the ground. The basic idea...

HAIL: Hierarchical Adaptive Interface Layout

We present a framework to adapt software to the needs of individuals with severe motion disabilities who use mouse substitution interfaces. Typically, users are required to adapt to the interfaces that they wish to use. We propose interfaces that change and adapt to the user and their individual abilities. The Hierarchical Adaptive Interface Layout (HAIL) model is a set of specifications for th...

Observations of oblate hail using dual polarization radar and implications for hail-detection schemes

Coincidental radar measurements and in situ ground-truth observations of large, oblate hail has allowed new insights into the fall mode of oblate hailstones. The effect of the fall mode upon hail-detection algorithms using multi-parameter radar is investigated and discussed, as is the vexed problem of extracting realistic rainfall rates in regions where hail and rain coexist. Observations prese...